To comprehend why the American Revolution was fought, one must first understand the mindset and struggles of the people first involved–those of Massachusetts, and more specifically Boston. Why was the focus on Boston? And what could have riled these hard-working folk enough to gradually incite them to take up arms against the King of England and the mightiest military force on the face of the Globe?
The Massachusetts Bay Colony governed itself through local elections; chose the members of their General Court; and held fast to their cherished town meetings.
Along with Virginia, Massachusetts was established in the early 17th century. By 1765, three or more generations had been well-rooted. England was not considered “home.” Massachusetts was home. Unlike the upper-class families in wealthier colonies, especially of the South, who sent their sons to England to advance their educations or experience their “grand tour,” Massachusetts tended not to. thus, unwittingly, lessening the lure of attachment to the mother country.
Another unique characteristic of Massachusetts was that the Puritans believed their children, both sons and daughter, must have a solid, basic education. Public education was essential, thus allowing them the ability to comprehend and share news from within and beyond their borders. The boys attended Latin Schools, where, as the title implies, Latin was taught. Knowledge of this ancient language allowed the men of Massachusetts to obtain further knowledge from non-English speaking countries throughout Europe through this shared language.
The more promising lads could attend Harvard College. Established in 1636, it was the oldest institution of higher education throughout the colonies. Most began their freshman year at the age of fourteen. Here they would expand their knowledge beyond the colonies and even Great Britian. They would be introduced to possibilities and ideas such as the Enlightenment and new medical and scientific discoveries. Graduates of Harvard would include Samuel Adams, James Otis, John Hancock, John Adams, Joseph Warren, Josiah Quincy Jr., and many more men who were to become the think-tank and leaders of the pre-revolution, the War for Independance, and the founding of the United States of America.
(Pictures: Map of colonial Boston and Harvard 1726)